刑名师爷的茶¶
县衙里有一样东西,叫"封案茶"。
案子判完,师爷亲自沏一壶,端到两造面前。原告喝一碗,被告喝一碗。茶碗一撂,扭头出门,从此两清。
老陶做刑名师爷二十三年,封案茶不知端过多少回。县城里的事,十有八九他还没看完卷宗,心里便已有了底。
这日,差役押来两个人。
一个是城西卖鸭的孙四,一个是城北铁匠铺的学徒阿寿。阿寿十七岁,瘦,衣裳上沾着铁屑,跪在堂前,没有抖。
案情极简:阿寿偷了孙四一只鸭,炖给病母吃。阿寿认。案卷写明,《大清律》"窃盗"条,杖六十,罚银三两。
老陶把茶壶搁在桌上。
六十杖,阿寿未必熬得过。三两银,他家也赔不出。案子清楚了,规矩清楚了,茶该端了。
他正要开口,孙四先说:"陶爷,我不是来真告他的。"
老陶没接。
孙四慢慢说:"这只鸭本不是卖的。鸭子老了,我养到冬天再杀。我今早喂食发现少了一只,顺着脚印找过来,原想骂他一顿。可我到了他家门口,看见他娘躺在床上,瘦成一把骨头。阿寿跪在门口认了,没跑。我这一辈子的气,到了他家门口,就没了。"
堂上一时没声音。
老陶把茶壶提起来,又放下。
"陶爷,"阿寿开口。他抬起眼,没有看老陶身上的师爷袍,只看老陶这个人。"您喝了我家二十多年的豆腐。您认得我妈。"
老陶没说话。
阿寿说:"我认罚。六十杖,三两银,我认。可您若只按律条念到底,我和孙叔便都成了'窃盗'与'失主'。案卷一合,衙门口一别,这一辈子,再没第二回。"
老陶把茶碗推到阿寿面前,又推一碗到孙四面前。
"老孙,"他说,"茶未凉,我再问你一回。你告到堂上,为的是六十杖和三两银,还是为别的?"
孙四把茶碗端起,没喝,端在手里。
"为的是有个说法,"他说,"要阿寿知道这事不是白做的。希望他娘知道有人记着。我本没想真打他。"
"那你真要的是什么?"
孙四想了想。"要他认个错。要他往后不能再这样。要他知道,乡里乡亲,他不是一个人。"
老陶又看阿寿。
阿寿把头低下去。"我认。"
老陶把自己那碗茶也端起来,没喝。
"律条是脚本,"他说,"我穿的是师爷这身衣裳,念的是刑名这一段。脚本念完,孙四还是孙四,阿寿还是阿寿。我若只念脚本,按下六十杖,罚下三两银,案卷一合,他们便是两个'当事人',明日便忘。我若不按脚本走——我便担了不按规矩办差的险。可这一险一冒,他们便还是他们。"
"老孙,"老陶说,"这案子,我不封。案卷我先压三天。你和阿寿自己商量,商量出一个你们能过的法子。商量不出来,我再按律条办。"
孙四点头。阿寿磕了一个头。
老陶又给两人都斟了茶。
"这不是封案茶,"他说,"这碗是给你们醒醒神。"
那天傍晚,孙四去了阿寿家。
第二天一早,孙四送来一张字据——"阿寿今秋帮工三个月,工抵鸭银。事毕,两清。"
老陶把字据贴在案卷上。
县太爷回来,翻开案卷。
"窃盗案,怎么结的?"
"邻里自约。"
"按律当杖当罚,为何不办?"
老陶说:"律条是脚本。脚本是给演员穿的衣裳。我这二十三年,穿的是师爷这身衣裳,念的是刑名这一段。可衣裳下头,还是一个在城西吃了二十多年豆腐的人。我若只念脚本,案子便结了。我若不念——衣裳下头那个人便能出来。孙四和阿寿,也不是脚本里那两个字,他们也是人。"
县太爷没说行,也没说不行。半晌,他说:"那便依你。记上。"
老陶提笔,在案卷末尾写下八个字:
脚本念完,人犹是人。
又过了二十年,阿寿自己也开了铁铺。孙四的孙子在阿寿铺里学徒。两家逢年过节,还坐在一张桌上。
老陶告老还乡,徒弟接了他的位。徒弟问他,刑名师爷的本事,到底是什么。
老陶说:"穿衣裳,念脚本。脚本念完,衣裳下头那个人,得出来透口气。你若只念脚本不透气,案子办了一千件,办完一千件,都和你无关。你若念了脚本,又愿意把衣裳里那个人放出来和当事人坐一坐——案子便没完。案子没完,你和他们都还在里头,那才是无边的戏。"
徒弟问:"可这样办差,不怕担处分?"
老陶笑了:"怕。所以才要念好脚本。脚本念得越牢,衣裳穿得越稳,你才越有余地把衣裳下头那个人放出来。脚本都念不圆的人,便连出来透气也不敢了——那时候,便只有脚本,没有人了。"
原文定义¶
Since finite games can be played within an infinite game, infinite players do not eschew the performed roles of finite play. On the contrary, they enter into finite games with all the appropriate energy and self-veiling, but they do so without the seriousness of finite players. They embrace the abstractness of finite games as abstractness, and therefore take them up not seriously, but playfully.
Seriousness is always related to roles, or abstractions. We are likely to be more serious with police officers when we find them uniformed and performing their mandated roles than when we find them in the process of changing into their uniforms.
To be playful is not to be trivial or frivolous, or to act as though nothing of consequence will happen. On the contrary, when we are playful with each other we relate as free persons, and the relationship is open to surprise; everything that happens is of consequence. It is, in fact, seriousness that closes itself to consequence, for seriousness is a dread of the unpredictable outcome of open possibility. To be serious is to press for a specified conclusion. To be playful is to allow for possibility whatever the cost to oneself.
By relating to others as they move out of their own freedom and not out of the abstract requirements of a role, infinite players are concrete persons engaged with concrete persons.
对应点¶
| 故事元素 | 原文概念 |
|---|---|
| 县衙里"封案茶"的规矩、师爷袍 | 角色与抽象(roles / abstractions)——严肃总是与角色、抽象有关 |
| 老陶端起茶碗准备按律条宣判 | 严肃即"press for a specified conclusion"——把脚本念到底、按既定脚本要求一个指定的结论 |
| 阿寿看着"老陶这个人",不看他身上的师爷袍 | 无限游戏者把对方看作"that person playing"(具体的、正在扮演的人),而不是"a role played by someone"(一个被角色穿着的人) |
| 老陶把茶碗放下,说"我穿的是师爷这身衣裳,念的是刑名这一段" | "they enter into finite games with all the appropriate energy and self-veiling"——无限游戏者照样穿戴面具、照样投入 |
| 老陶说"衣裳下头那个人便能出来" | "freely use masks … but not without acknowledging to themselves and others that they are masked"——戴面具,且承认自己戴了面具 |
| 老陶暂停封案,案卷压三天,让两造自己商量 | "to be playful is to allow for possibility whatever the cost to oneself"——不按既定结论走,把可能性打开 |
| 孙四从"要打六十杖"变成"要他认个错、知道他不是一个人" | 关系向"自由的人与自由的人"打开(relate as free persons),从角色要求中走出 |
| 县太爷问"按律当杖当罚,为何不办" | 严肃对"不可预测的开放可能性"(seriousness is a dread of the unpredictable outcome of open possibility) |
| 老陶回"衣裳下头那个人得出来透口气" | "take them up not seriously, but playfully"——把有限游戏作为抽象来拥抱,作为抽象来玩耍 |
| 徒弟问"不怕担处分?"老陶答"所以才要念好脚本" | 无限游戏者"with all the appropriate energy and self-veiling"——先把有限游戏演好,才有余裕从中走出来 |
| 案子没完,阿寿与孙四两家多年仍在一桌 | "what they began cannot be finished"——无限游戏不可被抽象出来,因为它不是整体的一部分假装是整体,而是整体知道自己是整体 |
| 案卷末尾"脚本念完,人犹是人" | "infinite players are concrete persons engaged with concrete persons"——从角色的抽象中走出,剩下的是具体的人与人的相会 |
📝 来源:Finite and Infinite Games · Section 14